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Quadratic Equation

 

A quadratic equation is of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0 where a ≠ 0. A quadratic equation can be solved by using the quadratic formula. You can also use Excel’s Goal Seek feature to solve a quadratic equation.

1. For example, we have the formula y = 3x2 – 12x + 9.5. It’s easy to calculate y for any given x. For x = 1, y = 0.5

Excel Formula, x = 1

2. For x = 2, y = -2.5

Excel Formula, x = 2

3. But what if we want to know x for any given y? For example, y = 24.5. We need to solve 3x2 – 12x + 9.5 = 24.5. We can solve the quadratic equation 3x2 – 12x + 9.5 – 24.5 = 0 by using the quadratic formula.

3x2 – 12x -15 = 0

a = 3, b = -12, c = -15

D = b2– 4ac = (-12)2 – 4 * 3 * -15 = 144 + 180 = 324

x = -b + √D or x = -b – √D
2a 2a
x = 12 + √324 or x = 12 – √324
6 6
x = 12 + 18 or x = 12 – 18
6 6
x = 5 or x = -1

4. You can use Excel’s Goal Seek feature to obtain the exact same result. On the Data tab, in the Forecast group, click What-If Analysis.

Click What-If Analysis

5. Click Goal Seek.

Click Goal Seek

The Goal Seek dialog box appears.

6. Select cell B2.

7. Click in the ‘To value’ box and type 24.5

8. Click in the ‘By changing cell’ box and select cell A2.

9. Click OK.

Goal Seek Parameters

Result.

Solve a Quadratic Equation in Excel

Note: Excel returns the solution x = 5. Excel finds the other solution if you start with an x-value closer to x = -1. For example, enter the value 0 into cell A2 and repeat steps 5 to 9. To find the roots, set y = 0 and solve the quadratic equation 3x2 – 12x + 9.5 = 0. In this case, set ‘To value’ to 0.

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